O planejamento e a organização da detecção de casos de tuberculose na atenção primária à saúde do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The detection of tuberculosis cases in health units and in the community are significant actions for the early diagnosis. The organization of actions in basic health units is a strategy that favors the identification of respiratory symptoms and can contribute to the early detection and timely initiation of treatment of people with the disease. The execution of effective actions is directly related to the organization and the planning of the basic units, and the vigilance is a strong support for this organization. The centrality of this study was to analyze the planning and organization of the detection of tuberculosis cases in primary health care in priority municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 382 medical professionals, nurses and nursing technicians of primary health care units in three priority municipalities of RS in the fight against tuberculosis. A self-filling questionnaire was used, elaborated, evaluated and piloted previously as stage of the study. The period of data collection in the health services was from October 2016 to January 2017. Multiple data and descriptive analysis techniques were used as the data analysis technique. The first article aimed to describe the availability and use of information tools to carry out the situational diagnosis in the planning of actions to detect cases of tuberculosis in the basic health units of municipalities in RS. In summary, it was observed that the situational diagnosis was not adopted as a strategy for planning actions in the basic units of the municipalities studied. It was concluded that there is a need for articulation between the municipal management of the program and professionals in order to strengthen the detection of tuberculosis cases and articulate actions for the use of situational diagnosis. The second article analyzed the detection of cases in primary care units, specifically the planning, monitoring and evaluation of actions according to the context of three municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul. The results revealed two scenarios related to the organization and development of action planning . The first one in the municipality of Pelotas, with better results where it exists, although incipient the realization of organization of actions. In the second scenario, Uruguaiana and Santa Maria are similar, pointing to a context of low valuation of case detection, organization and planning actions. The study points out that, regardless of the organizational contexts in the municipalities of RS, there are weaknesses regarding case detection actions. Thus, it can be concluded that the organization and planning of tuberculosis actions require greater attention from the primary care units.