Caracterização agronômica de genótipos de morangueiro oriundos do programa de melhoramento da Embrapa: cultivo no solo e influência do tempo de permanência das mudas no viveiro

Abstract

The cultivation of strawberry requires the use of cultivars adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the production region, as well as the production system adopted by the grower. The objectives of this study were to evaluate strawberry cultivars and advanced selections regarding their productive and qualitative performance, as well as the influence of the time of potted plant stays in the nursery on the productive variables of Selection 35-22 and cultivar BRS Phoenix. The experiments were conducted in the 2022 crop season in the municipality of Pelotas, in Rio Grande do Sul, on a rural property located on Gama Road. The cultivation system used was conventional in soil, in beds covered with black polyethylene film and low tunnels. Selection 31-06 showed the highest productivity among the evaluated genotypes, above 70 t ha-1, followed by 62-01, 35-01. Selection 31-06 and cultivar BRS Phoenix obtained fruits with higher average weight, 24 g fruit-1. In selections 17-01, 31-09, 35-01, 35-06 and in cultivars Pircinque and BRS Phoenix, strawberries with higher levels of soluble solids are obtained. Selection 10-17 presents and maintains firmer fruits. Potted strawberry seedlings with 75 days of stay in the nursery have a larger crown diameter and dry matter of the aerial part and roots. The time of potted plant stays in the strawberry nursery does not influence productive parameters. Selection 22 showed the highest number of fruits per plant, production, and productivity compared to ‘BRS Phoenix’. ‘BRS Phoenix’ stood out for having the highest average fruit weight. Potted strawberry seedlings can be commercialized with only 30 days, which allows for the early planning of planting in regions with a mild climate. In addition, the nurseryman can scale up the production of seedlings according to the needs and demand of the nursery, through the management of the seedlings.