Uma análise da concordância da classificação de posição socioeconômica utilizando o consumo domiciliar e o índice de riqueza e sua capacidade explicativa em relação ao déficit de altura em crianças

Abstract

The influence of socioeconomic conditions on the health of populations and individuals is a consolidated topic within the scope of epidemiological studies. Income, consumption expenditure, occupation, social class and asset-based wealth index (RI) are the main ways of measuring socioeconomic position (SEP). Education and occupation are other important markers that have been used as a proxy for PSE. There is a lot of socioeconomic data on urban populations in high-income countries, on the other hand, there is still little information on low- and middle-income countries and, mainly, in rural areas. To overcome the lack of information on health and nutrition status in LMICs, in the mid-1980s (1985) a program of national health surveys emerged, financed by USAID (United States Agency for International Development) and coordinated by Macro International. These surveys, known by their acronym DHS (Demographic and Health Surveys), promoted the standardized collection of data on coverage of health interventions, use of services, nutritional status, etc. This initiative was followed by Unicef eight years later (1993), which created the MICS (Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey) program. In the DHS or MICS surveys, no information on household income or consumption is collected, due to the large amount of time involved. Based on this work by Filmer and Pritchett (2001), the ORC (Opinion Research Conference) Macro began to calculate wealth indices for the most recent surveys and analyze inequalities for health indicators (total fertility rate, contraceptive prevalence rate, medical prenatal care, 3 or more prenatal visits, and knowledge about sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS). The use of the wealth index has been highlighted in epidemiological studies as it allows the identification of existing inequalities between the richest and poorest strata. Despite this, IR has problems that have been highlighted in the literature, such as: being very urban; not distinguishing well between the poorest 40%. With this, our main objective is to survey what has been proposed, alternatives, and compare trying to identify which approach or approaches are best.