Análise competitiva da indústria de sementes de trigo no Rio Grande do Sul após a Lei de Proteção de Cultivares e Lei de Sementes e Mudas

Abstract

The aim of the first study was to analyze the chain of wheat seed production in Rio Grande do Sul from the forces acting on it. For the analysis, it was used the methodology of the five competitive forces: competition within the industry, new entrants, substitute products, bargaining power of suppliers, and bargaining power of buyers. Initially, a survey of secondary data from various sources was done, among which the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA), the Association of Seed Producers of Rio Grande do Sul (Apassul), the National Supply Company (CONAB) and the Brazilian Association of Wheat Industry (ABITRIGO). The study showed that there is great imbalance within the forces that act on the chain of wheat seed production in Rio Grande do Sul, with the bargaining power of buyers making strong pressure on all parts of the chain, even where there is no direct commercial relationships. The second study aimed at, from the implementation of the Plant Cultivars Protection Law (LPC), and the Seeds and Seedlings Law (LS), quantifying the wheat seed companies of Rio Grande do Sul based on their scale of production, relations with class entities, plant breeding companies, and innovation, and to compare current data with the data obtained before the consolidation of the LPC and before the LS became effective. This study was done using secondary data generated from the database of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply. The study showed that the distribution of seed companies in relation to the scale of production has changed very little since 2002. Companies that produce up to 460 tons continue to predominate in the market. Regarding innovation, the study showed that the number of cultivars in the portfolio of seed companies is directly proportional to its size, and that every company, excluding the very young, is seeking new cultivars for their portfolios. Larger firms access more new cultivars because of their scale.